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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cristina Cerrada; Dictino Chaos; David Moreno-Salinas; António Pascoal; +1 Authors
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Control Engineering Practice
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Control Engineering ...arrow_drop_down
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      Control Engineering Practice
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: Kahnert, M.; Kanngießer, Franz;

    Retrieving the physical properties and water content of marine aerosols requires understanding the links between the particles' optical and microphysical properties. By using a morphologically realistic model with varying salt mass fractions fm, describing the transition from irregularly shaped, dry salt crystals to brine-coated geometries, optical properties relevant to polarimetric remote sensing are computed at wavelengths of 532 and 1,064 nm. The extinction cross section and its color ratio depend on particle size, but are insensitive to changes in fm; thus, measured extinction coefficients at two wavelengths contain information on both particle number and size. The lidar ratio's dependence on both size and wavelength has implications for inverting the lidar equation. The results suggest that active observations of the backscattering cross section's color ratio and the depolarization ratio, as well as, passive observations of the degree of linear polarization offer avenues to obtain the water content of marine aerosols. Key Points: - Modeled extinction coefficient of marine aerosol depends on particle radius and wavelength, but not on water content - The depolarization ratio and the color ratio of the backscattering cross section generally decrease with growing aerosol water content - The linear polarization peak near backscattering angles at NIR wavelength could be used in passive polarimetry to retrieve water content

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Plata Moreno, José Manuel; Balasch Solanes, J. Carles (Josep Carles); Boixadera Llobet, Jaume; Baltiérrez, Antoni; +2 Authors

    The northeastern part of the Ebro Basin (NE Spain) features loess that cover an area of about 40 km2 on the northern slopes of the Serra d'Almenara anticline. The deposits and soils developed from them were mapped, described, and dated by luminescence. Additionally, grain size, percentage of heavy minerals (>2.8 g/cm3), and the mineralogical composition of the heaviest fraction (>3.2 g/cm3) were analysed. The coarse textures of the deposits indicate a very proximal origin. Therefore, potential source areas of the sands and silts were analysed with special attention given to the extensive river floodplains and alluvial fans close by, as well as gypsum-rich rocky outcrops. The mineral signature of the loess shows that it mainly originates from the alluvial plain of the Segre River, located about 10–30 km to the west. In some places, the loess also received particles from the alluvial fans of the Ondara and Corb rivers located south of the Almenara reliefs. In addition, the gypsum present in the loess is apparently derived from Eocene deposits. The loess in the study area was deposited during cold phases of the last two glacial cycles when the topographic obstacle of the Serra d'Almenara blocked the dominant winds from the southwest. Analysis of the almost 4-meter-thick profile of Pilar d'Almenara shows initial but limited accumulation phases in Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 6, followed by the formation of a red soil during MIS 5e. Accumulation resumed during MIS3, with more energetic and powerful wind transport during the final phase of MIS 3 (ca. 34–30 ka) and early MIS 2, but prior to the Last Glacial Maximum. Our data highlights the prominent role of large rivers and alluvial fans as the sources of particles that are later reworked by the wind. We are grateful to the particle size analyses of the Laboratory of Sedimentology and to Dr. Michele Francis (U. Stellenbosch) for the language revision. Also, we appreciate the efforts of the editor and the two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments and suggestions for a substantial improvement of the manuscript. This publication is part of the I + D + I RTI2018-094927-B-I00 project, funded by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and FEDER “A way to make Europe”.

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    Geomorphology; Repositori Obert UdL
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Geomorphology; Repositori Obert UdL
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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    Authors: Bessière, Eloïse; Poort, Jeffrey; Cornu, Tristan; Leroy, Sylvie;

    The Mozambique Channel, a complex domain composed of passive margins and oceanic crust affected by younger strike-slip and volcanic activity, is still poorly studied for surface heat flow. We present 33 new marine-type heat flow estimations acquired offshore in 2014-2015 during the MOZ cruises, completed with 4 new heat flow values derived from reappraised old well sites (PAMELA project). Offshore heat flow is generally low to normal and does not display strong variations. As poor data coverage persists in large parts of the area, we performed a heat flow prediction mapping using the similarity method. Based on an extrapolation of old and new data guided by 14 geological and geophysical proxies, we obtain on a 0.1 • × 0.1 • grid a predicted heat flow and its uncertainty from the statistics of all values at global grid points with similar proxies. We succeeded to obtain good predictability on 70% of pixels and an RMS error <2.3 mW/m 2. The proxies selected for the prediction include a map of genetic domains, sediment thickness, topography and bathymetry, crustal ages, Curie point depth, Free air anomaly, distances to volcanoes, tectonic structures and continent-ocean boundaries. The new Mozambique heat flow map shows a predominantly low offshore heat flow of around 50 mW/m 2 , associated with the Jurassic and early Cretaceous age of the oceanic crust. Several heat flow anomalies standoff to this background heat flow with two main orientations: low heat flow anomalies with a N-S orientation and high anomalies with a mostly NE-SW orientation, which are linked mainly to tectonic structures. International audience

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    Marine and Petroleum Geology
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Marine and Petroleum Geology
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Authors: Yifan Song; Mengkun She; Kevin Köser;

    Underwater image restoration has been a challenging problem for decades since the advent of underwater photography. Most solutions focus on shallow water scenarios, where the scene is uniformly illuminated by the sunlight. However, the vast majority of uncharted underwater terrain is located beyond 200 meters depth where natural light is scarce and artificial illumination is needed. In such cases, light sources co-moving with the camera, dynamically change the scene appearance, which make shallow water restoration methods inadequate. In particular for multi-light source systems (composed of dozens of LEDs nowadays), calibrating each light is time-consuming, error-prone and tedious, and we observe that only the integrated illumination within the viewing volume of the camera is critical, rather than the individual light sources. The key idea of this paper is therefore to exploit the appearance changes of objects or the seafloor, when traversing the viewing frustum of the camera. Through new constraints assuming Lambertian surfaces, corresponding image pixels constrain the light field in front of the camera, and for each voxel a signal factor and a backscatter value are stored in a volumetric grid that can be used for very efficient image restoration of camera-light platforms, which facilitates consistently texturing large 3D models and maps that would otherwise be dominated by lighting and medium artifacts. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we conducted extensive experiments on simulated and real-world datasets. The results of these experiments demonstrate the robustness of our approach in restoring the true albedo of objects, while mitigating the influence of lighting and medium effects. Furthermore, we demonstrate our approach can be readily extended to other scenarios, including in-air imaging with artificial illumination or other similar cases.

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    arXiv.org e-Print Archive
    Other literature type . Preprint . 2023
    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
    License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
    Data sources: Datacite
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      arXiv.org e-Print Archive
      Other literature type . Preprint . 2023
      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
      License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
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    Authors: Jinchen He; Shuhang Zhang; Wei Feng; Jiayuan Lin;

    Detecting earthquake-induced bathymetric changes helps to understand the geomorphologic process of tufa lakes. Traditional field measurement methods are difficult for spatially complete and continuous bathymetric mapping. Multi-temporal high-resolution optical satellite images are cost-efficient data used for bathymetric change detection. However, for detecting bathymetric changes in tufa lakes, collecting high-density depth calibration data and constructing highly robust water depth inversion models pose certain challenges. This study takes Huohua Lake before and after the Jiuzhaigou Earthquake as the research object, and carries out the bathymetric change detection based on high-resolution remote sensing data. Initially, the WorldView-2 (WV-2) multispectral images obtained before and after the earthquake under the water-storage state of the lake were used as the data source, and the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based measurement under the water-free state of the lake after the earthquake was used as the bathymetric calibration and validation data. Then using satellite-derived image reflectance, we constructed two-phase bathymetric models with machine learning methods, namely random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and multi-layer perceptron (MLP). The comparison results with classical regression models indicate that machine learning-based water depth inversion models are generally superior. Specifically, the R2 (coefficient of determination) of the optimal model RF reach 0.85 and 0.91, with RMSE (root mean square error) of 1.40 m and 1.08 m. The bathymetric difference maps generated from water depth inversion results reveal that during the period from October 2016 to January 2022, the core area of Huohua Lake experienced more erosion than accretion due to the earthquake-induced flooding. The spatial patterns of changes show that the erosion mainly located in the raised tufa mound area, while the accretion was concentrated in the shallow flat area. This study provides a remote sensing approach for quantifying bathymetric changes in tufa lakes after extreme geological disasters.

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    International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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      International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: Desmit, Xavier; Schartau, Markus; Riethmüller, Rolf; Terseleer, Nathan; +2 Authors

    Highlights • SPM concentration and organic fractions are analyzed in coastal-offshore gradients • Diagnostic model of SPM allows separating fresh, labile from less reactive PON • Analysis of PON fractions reveals a characteristic area, the transition zone • There, particle settling is enhanced, fostering their transport back to the coast, which controls the fate of organic matter • The transition zone is generally confined to water depths below 20 m Abstract Identifying the mechanisms that contribute to the variability of suspended particulate matter concentrations in coastal areas is important but difficult, especially due to the complexity of physical and biogeochemical interactions involved. Our study addresses this complexity and investigates changes in the horizontal spread and composition of particles, focusing on cross-coastal gradients in the southern North Sea and the English Channel. A semi-empirical model is applied on in situ data of SPM and its organic fraction to resolve the relationship between organic and inorganic suspended particles. The derived equations are applied onto remote sensing products of SPM concentration, which provide monthly synoptic maps of particulate organic matter concentrations (here, particulate organic nitrogen) at the surface together with their labile and less reactive fractions. Comparing these fractions of particulate organic matter reveals their characteristic features along the coastal-offshore gradient, with an area of increased settling rate for particles generally observed between 5 and 30 km from the coast. We identify this area as the transition zone between coastal and offshore waters with respect to particle dynamics. Presumably, in that area, the turbulence range and particle composition favor particle settling, while hydrodynamic processes tend to transport particles of the seabed back towards the coast. Bathymetry plays an important role in controlling the range of turbulent dissipation energy values in the water column, and we observe that the transition zone in the southern North Sea is generally confined to water depths below 20 m. Seasonal variations in suspended particle dynamics are linked to biological processes enhancing particle flocculation, which do not affect the location of the transition zone. We identify the criteria that allow a transition zone and discuss the cases where it is not observed in the domain. The impact of these particle dynamics on coastal carbon storage and export is discussed.

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    Authors: L. Magri; J. M. Whittaker; M. F. Coffin; K. Hochmuth; +4 Authors

    AbstractExtensive investigation of continental rift systems has been fundamental for advancing the understanding of extensional tectonics and modes of formation of new ocean basins. However, current rift classification schemes do not account for conjugate end members formed by Large Igneous Province crust, referring to thick mafic crust, sometimes including continental fragments. Here, we investigate the rifting of William's Ridge (Kerguelen Plateau) and Broken Ridge, components of the Kerguelen Large Igneous Province now situated in the Southeast Indian Ocean, and incorporate these end members into the deformation migration concept for rifted margins. We use multichannel seismic reflection profiles and data from scientific drill cores acquired on both conjugate margins to propose, for the first time, a combined tectono‐stratigraphic framework. We interpret seismic patterns, tectonic features, and magnetic anomaly picks to determine an across‐strike structural domain classification. This interpretation considers the rift system overall to be “magma‐poor” despite being located proximal to the Kerguelen plume but suggests that syn‐rift interaction between the Kerguelen mantle plume and the lithospheric structure of William's Ridge and Broken Ridge has controlled the along‐strike segmentation of both conjugates. We integrate seismic reflection and bathymetric data to test the hypothesis of predominantly transform motion, between the Australian and Antarctic plates, in Late Cretaceous and Paleogene time.

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    Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC
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      Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Maslo, Aljaz; Tegas, Valentina; Martinez, Enoc; Rodero, Ivan;

    The purpose of the EMSO ERIC Data Management Plan is to serve as a comprehensive guide to how the EMSO ERIC data are and will be managed within the EMSO ERIC consortium, from collection to long-term preservation and accessibility to the broader scientific community and stakeholders at large.

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    ZENODO
    Other literature type . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
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      ZENODO
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    Authors: Meng Wang; Simei Lian; Xiaofei Xiong; Jie Yang; +2 Authors

    AbstractAppropriate coral reef monitoring methods and descriptors determine the effectiveness of ecosystem status assessment. We combined line intercept transect (LIT) and SfM technologies for image acquisition, and the POS information of images is defined and assigned in the relative coordinate system we build. Then, constructed high-resolution orthomosaics of coral reefs along measuring tapes in Metashape. We compared the estimates of coral cover by three methodologies (LIT, LIT on orthomosaic (LITO), surface analyses on orthomosaic (SAO)) and used virtual transects on orthomosaics and their estimates of coral cover to assess the consistency and reliability of LIT. The results show that the estimation of coral cover by LITO or LIT is more consistent and reliable when coral cover is higher, and the probability of overestimation is lower. SfM technology is increasingly used in coral reef survey and assessment, and has the potential to become the new standard for coral reef survey.

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    Geocarto International
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    Geocarto International
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC
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      Geocarto International
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      Geocarto International
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cristina Cerrada; Dictino Chaos; David Moreno-Salinas; António Pascoal; +1 Authors
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    Control Engineering Practice
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Control Engineering Practice
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Kahnert, M.; Kanngießer, Franz;

    Retrieving the physical properties and water content of marine aerosols requires understanding the links between the particles' optical and microphysical properties. By using a morphologically realistic model with varying salt mass fractions fm, describing the transition from irregularly shaped, dry salt crystals to brine-coated geometries, optical properties relevant to polarimetric remote sensing are computed at wavelengths of 532 and 1,064 nm. The extinction cross section and its color ratio depend on particle size, but are insensitive to changes in fm; thus, measured extinction coefficients at two wavelengths contain information on both particle number and size. The lidar ratio's dependence on both size and wavelength has implications for inverting the lidar equation. The results suggest that active observations of the backscattering cross section's color ratio and the depolarization ratio, as well as, passive observations of the degree of linear polarization offer avenues to obtain the water content of marine aerosols. Key Points: - Modeled extinction coefficient of marine aerosol depends on particle radius and wavelength, but not on water content - The depolarization ratio and the color ratio of the backscattering cross section generally decrease with growing aerosol water content - The linear polarization peak near backscattering angles at NIR wavelength could be used in passive polarimetry to retrieve water content

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    Authors: Plata Moreno, José Manuel; Balasch Solanes, J. Carles (Josep Carles); Boixadera Llobet, Jaume; Baltiérrez, Antoni; +2 Authors

    The northeastern part of the Ebro Basin (NE Spain) features loess that cover an area of about 40 km2 on the northern slopes of the Serra d'Almenara anticline. The deposits and soils developed from them were mapped, described, and dated by luminescence. Additionally, grain size, percentage of heavy minerals (>2.8 g/cm3), and the mineralogical composition of the heaviest fraction (>3.2 g/cm3) were analysed. The coarse textures of the deposits indicate a very proximal origin. Therefore, potential source areas of the sands and silts were analysed with special attention given to the extensive river floodplains and alluvial fans close by, as well as gypsum-rich rocky outcrops. The mineral signature of the loess shows that it mainly originates from the alluvial plain of the Segre River, located about 10–30 km to the west. In some places, the loess also received particles from the alluvial fans of the Ondara and Corb rivers located south of the Almenara reliefs. In addition, the gypsum present in the loess is apparently derived from Eocene deposits. The loess in the study area was deposited during cold phases of the last two glacial cycles when the topographic obstacle of the Serra d'Almenara blocked the dominant winds from the southwest. Analysis of the almost 4-meter-thick profile of Pilar d'Almenara shows initial but limited accumulation phases in Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 6, followed by the formation of a red soil during MIS 5e. Accumulation resumed during MIS3, with more energetic and powerful wind transport during the final phase of MIS 3 (ca. 34–30 ka) and early MIS 2, but prior to the Last Glacial Maximum. Our data highlights the prominent role of large rivers and alluvial fans as the sources of particles that are later reworked by the wind. We are grateful to the particle size analyses of the Laboratory of Sedimentology and to Dr. Michele Francis (U. Stellenbosch) for the language revision. Also, we appreciate the efforts of the editor and the two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments and suggestions for a substantial improvement of the manuscript. This publication is part of the I + D + I RTI2018-094927-B-I00 project, funded by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and FEDER “A way to make Europe”.

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    Geomorphology; Repositori Obert UdL
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Geomorphology; Repositori Obert UdL
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Bessière, Eloïse; Poort, Jeffrey; Cornu, Tristan; Leroy, Sylvie;

    The Mozambique Channel, a complex domain composed of passive margins and oceanic crust affected by younger strike-slip and volcanic activity, is still poorly studied for surface heat flow. We present 33 new marine-type heat flow estimations acquired offshore in 2014-2015 during the MOZ cruises, completed with 4 new heat flow values derived from reappraised old well sites (PAMELA project). Offshore heat flow is generally low to normal and does not display strong variations. As poor data coverage persists in large parts of the area, we performed a heat flow prediction mapping using the similarity method. Based on an extrapolation of old and new data guided by 14 geological and geophysical proxies, we obtain on a 0.1 • × 0.1 • grid a predicted heat flow and its uncertainty from the statistics of all values at global grid points with similar proxies. We succeeded to obtain good predictability on 70% of pixels and an RMS error <2.3 mW/m 2. The proxies selected for the prediction include a map of genetic domains, sediment thickness, topography and bathymetry, crustal ages, Curie point depth, Free air anomaly, distances to volcanoes, tectonic structures and continent-ocean boundaries. The new Mozambique heat flow map shows a predominantly low offshore heat flow of around 50 mW/m 2 , associated with the Jurassic and early Cretaceous age of the oceanic crust. Several heat flow anomalies standoff to this background heat flow with two main orientations: low heat flow anomalies with a N-S orientation and high anomalies with a mostly NE-SW orientation, which are linked mainly to tectonic structures. International audience

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    Marine and Petroleum Geology
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Marine and Petroleum Geology
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC
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    Authors: Yifan Song; Mengkun She; Kevin Köser;

    Underwater image restoration has been a challenging problem for decades since the advent of underwater photography. Most solutions focus on shallow water scenarios, where the scene is uniformly illuminated by the sunlight. However, the vast majority of uncharted underwater terrain is located beyond 200 meters depth where natural light is scarce and artificial illumination is needed. In such cases, light sources co-moving with the camera, dynamically change the scene appearance, which make shallow water restoration methods inadequate. In particular for multi-light source systems (composed of dozens of LEDs nowadays), calibrating each light is time-consuming, error-prone and tedious, and we observe that only the integrated illumination within the viewing volume of the camera is critical, rather than the individual light sources. The key idea of this paper is therefore to exploit the appearance changes of objects or the seafloor, when traversing the viewing frustum of the camera. Through new constraints assuming Lambertian surfaces, corresponding image pixels constrain the light field in front of the camera, and for each voxel a signal factor and a backscatter value are stored in a volumetric grid that can be used for very efficient image restoration of camera-light platforms, which facilitates consistently texturing large 3D models and maps that would otherwise be dominated by lighting and medium artifacts. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we conducted extensive experiments on simulated and real-world datasets. The results of these experiments demonstrate the robustness of our approach in restoring the true albedo of objects, while mitigating the influence of lighting and medium effects. Furthermore, we demonstrate our approach can be readily extended to other scenarios, including in-air imaging with artificial illumination or other similar cases.

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    arXiv.org e-Print Archive
    Other literature type . Preprint . 2023
    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
    License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
    Data sources: Datacite
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      arXiv.org e-Print Archive
      Other literature type . Preprint . 2023
      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Jinchen He; Shuhang Zhang; Wei Feng; Jiayuan Lin;

    Detecting earthquake-induced bathymetric changes helps to understand the geomorphologic process of tufa lakes. Traditional field measurement methods are difficult for spatially complete and continuous bathymetric mapping. Multi-temporal high-resolution optical satellite images are cost-efficient data used for bathymetric change detection. However, for detecting bathymetric changes in tufa lakes, collecting high-density depth calibration data and constructing highly robust water depth inversion models pose certain challenges. This study takes Huohua Lake before and after the Jiuzhaigou Earthquake as the research object, and carries out the bathymetric change detection based on high-resolution remote sensing data. Initially, the WorldView-2 (WV-2) multispectral images obtained before and after the earthquake under the water-storage state of the lake were used as the data source, and the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based measurement under the water-free state of the lake after the earthquake was used as the bathymetric calibration and validation data. Then using satellite-derived image reflectance, we constructed two-phase bathymetric models with machine learning methods, namely random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and multi-layer perceptron (MLP). The comparison results with classical regression models indicate that machine learning-based water depth inversion models are generally superior. Specifically, the R2 (coefficient of determination) of the optimal model RF reach 0.85 and 0.91, with RMSE (root mean square error) of 1.40 m and 1.08 m. The bathymetric difference maps generated from water depth inversion results reveal that during the period from October 2016 to January 2022, the core area of Huohua Lake experienced more erosion than accretion due to the earthquake-induced flooding. The spatial patterns of changes show that the erosion mainly located in the raised tufa mound area, while the accretion was concentrated in the shallow flat area. This study provides a remote sensing approach for quantifying bathymetric changes in tufa lakes after extreme geological disasters.

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    International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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      International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Desmit, Xavier; Schartau, Markus; Riethmüller, Rolf; Terseleer, Nathan; +2 Authors

    Highlights • SPM concentration and organic fractions are analyzed in coastal-offshore gradients • Diagnostic model of SPM allows separating fresh, labile from less reactive PON • Analysis of PON fractions reveals a characteristic area, the transition zone • There, particle settling is enhanced, fostering their transport back to the coast, which controls the fate of organic matter • The transition zone is generally confined to water depths below 20 m Abstract Identifying the mechanisms that contribute to the variability of suspended particulate matter concentrations in coastal areas is important but difficult, especially due to the complexity of physical and biogeochemical interactions involved. Our study addresses this complexity and investigates changes in the horizontal spread and composition of particles, focusing on cross-coastal gradients in the southern North Sea and the English Channel. A semi-empirical model is applied on in situ data of SPM and its organic fraction to resolve the relationship between organic and inorganic suspended particles. The derived equations are applied onto remote sensing products of SPM concentration, which provide monthly synoptic maps of particulate organic matter concentrations (here, particulate organic nitrogen) at the surface together with their labile and less reactive fractions. Comparing these fractions of particulate organic matter reveals their characteristic features along the coastal-offshore gradient, with an area of increased settling rate for particles generally observed between 5 and 30 km from the coast. We identify this area as the transition zone between coastal and offshore waters with respect to particle dynamics. Presumably, in that area, the turbulence range and particle composition favor particle settling, while hydrodynamic processes tend to transport particles of the seabed back towards the coast. Bathymetry plays an important role in controlling the range of turbulent dissipation energy values in the water column, and we observe that the transition zone in the southern North Sea is generally confined to water depths below 20 m. Seasonal variations in suspended particle dynamics are linked to biological processes enhancing particle flocculation, which do not affect the location of the transition zone. We identify the criteria that allow a transition zone and discuss the cases where it is not observed in the domain. The impact of these particle dynamics on coastal carbon storage and export is discussed.

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    Authors: L. Magri; J. M. Whittaker; M. F. Coffin; K. Hochmuth; +4 Authors

    AbstractExtensive investigation of continental rift systems has been fundamental for advancing the understanding of extensional tectonics and modes of formation of new ocean basins. However, current rift classification schemes do not account for conjugate end members formed by Large Igneous Province crust, referring to thick mafic crust, sometimes including continental fragments. Here, we investigate the rifting of William's Ridge (Kerguelen Plateau) and Broken Ridge, components of the Kerguelen Large Igneous Province now situated in the Southeast Indian Ocean, and incorporate these end members into the deformation migration concept for rifted margins. We use multichannel seismic reflection profiles and data from scientific drill cores acquired on both conjugate margins to propose, for the first time, a combined tectono‐stratigraphic framework. We interpret seismic patterns, tectonic features, and magnetic anomaly picks to determine an across‐strike structural domain classification. This interpretation considers the rift system overall to be “magma‐poor” despite being located proximal to the Kerguelen plume but suggests that syn‐rift interaction between the Kerguelen mantle plume and the lithospheric structure of William's Ridge and Broken Ridge has controlled the along‐strike segmentation of both conjugates. We integrate seismic reflection and bathymetric data to test the hypothesis of predominantly transform motion, between the Australian and Antarctic plates, in Late Cretaceous and Paleogene time.

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    Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Maslo, Aljaz; Tegas, Valentina; Martinez, Enoc; Rodero, Ivan;

    The purpose of the EMSO ERIC Data Management Plan is to serve as a comprehensive guide to how the EMSO ERIC data are and will be managed within the EMSO ERIC consortium, from collection to long-term preservation and accessibility to the broader scientific community and stakeholders at large.

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    ZENODO
    Other literature type . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
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    Authors: Meng Wang; Simei Lian; Xiaofei Xiong; Jie Yang; +2 Authors

    AbstractAppropriate coral reef monitoring methods and descriptors determine the effectiveness of ecosystem status assessment. We combined line intercept transect (LIT) and SfM technologies for image acquisition, and the POS information of images is defined and assigned in the relative coordinate system we build. Then, constructed high-resolution orthomosaics of coral reefs along measuring tapes in Metashape. We compared the estimates of coral cover by three methodologies (LIT, LIT on orthomosaic (LITO), surface analyses on orthomosaic (SAO)) and used virtual transects on orthomosaics and their estimates of coral cover to assess the consistency and reliability of LIT. The results show that the estimation of coral cover by LITO or LIT is more consistent and reliable when coral cover is higher, and the probability of overestimation is lower. SfM technology is increasingly used in coral reef survey and assessment, and has the potential to become the new standard for coral reef survey.

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