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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Jacob Geersen; Christian Sippl; Nicholas Harmon;

    Abstract It is commonly assumed that intermediate-depth seismicity is in some way linked to dehydration reactions inside subducting oceanic plates. Although there is growing evidence that the hydration state of an oceanic plate is controlled by its structure and degree of faulting, we do not have a quantitative understanding of this relationship. Double seismic zones offer the possibility of investigating changes in oceanic-plate hydration not only along strike but also with depth beneath the slab surface. To quantify the impact of oceanic-plate structure and faulting on slab hydration and intermediate-depth seismicity, with a focus on the genesis of double seismic zones, we correlate high-resolution earthquake catalogs and seafloor maps of ship-based bathymetry for the northern Chilean and Japan Trench subduction zones. The correlations show only a weak influence of oceanic-plate structure and faulting on seismicity on the upper plane of the double seismic zone, which may imply that hydration is limited by slow reaction kinetics at low temperatures 5–7 km below the seafloor and by the finite amount of exposed wall rock in the outer-rise region. These factors seem to limit hydration even if abundant water is available. Seismicity in the lower plane is, in contrast, substantially enhanced where deformation of the oceanic plate is high and distributed across intersecting faults. This likely leads to an increase in the volume of damaged wall rock around the faults, thereby promoting the circulation of water to mantle depths where serpentinization is faster due to elevated temperatures. Increased lower-plane seismicity around subducting oceanic features such as seamounts or fracture zones may also be caused by enhanced faulting around these features. Our results provide a possible explanation for the globally observed presence of rather homogeneous upper-plane seismicity in double seismic zones as well as for the commonly patchy and inhomogeneous distribution of lower-plane seismicity.

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    e-Prints Soton
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: e-Prints Soton
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    OceanRep
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: OceanRep
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    Geosphere
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Geosphere
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ e-Prints Sotonarrow_drop_down
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      e-Prints Soton
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      OceanRep
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      Geosphere
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      Geosphere
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    Authors: Hillaire-Marcel, Claude; Not, Christelle; de Vernal, Anne;
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    PANGAEA
    Dataset . 2022
    Data sources: B2FIND
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      PANGAEA
      Dataset . 2022
      Data sources: B2FIND
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Nathalie Babonneau; François Raisson; Adrien Genêt; Ugo Lopes; +8 Authors

    AbstractBottom currents are key processes that contribute to the shaping of submarine slopes, with the redistribution of sediments in contourite systems. Despite numerous recent studies on contourite systems, the complexity and diversity of these sedimentary systems are still not fully understood and often underestimated. Their understanding requires comprehensive works integrating all scales from seismic architecture to microfacies. This paper focuses on a contouritic ridge located between 2000 m and 2500 m water depth on the Mozambique margin. Bathymetry, seismic data and piston cores collected during the PAMELA‐MOZ3 cruise allow a multi‐scale study from large depositional geometries to sedimentary facies. At the seismic scale, the contouritic ridge shows three stages of evolution with: (i) initiation and development of the drift/moat system; (ii) an intermediate stage with successive incisions and aggradations; and (iii) moat infill and drift erosion during the Plio‐Quaternary. Plio‐Quaternary deposits are composed of hemipelagic, turbiditic and contouritic facies filling the moat. Coarse‐grained contouritic facies, dominated by planktonic foraminifera, are identified on the western flank of the ridge between the moat infill and the erosional area at the top of the ridge. They consist of condensed deposits, with sedimentation rate about 0.3 cm/ka, indicating a strong and stable bottom current that winnows away the fine‐grained component. This facies could be present more generally in an intermediate position between erosion and depositional areas in contourite systems. At present, the contourite system is located at the transition depth between North Atlantic Deep Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water. Trajectories of bottom currents are complex and interact with sporadic turbidity currents and anti‐clockwise eddies that participate in reshaping the sea floor morphology. Although Plio‐Quaternary depositional geometries indicate the end of drift/moat development, the moat filling and drift erosion are also related to bottom currents and constitute atypical contouritic sedimentation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Mémoires en Sciences...arrow_drop_down
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    Sedimentology
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Sedimentology
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ercilla G.; Galindo-Zaldivar J.; Estrada F.; Valencia J.; +19 Authors

    We present a multidisciplinary study of morphology, stratigraphy, sedimentology, tectonic structure, and physical oceanography to report that the complex geomorphology of the Palomares continental margin and adjacent Algerian abyssal plain (i.e., Gulf of Vera, Western Mediterranean), is the result of the sedimentary response to the Aguilas Arc continental tectonic indentation in the Eurasian–Africa plate collision. The indentation is imprinted on the basement of the margin with elongated metamorphic antiforms that are pierced by igneous bodies, and synforms that accommodate the deformation and create a complex physiography. The basement is partially covered by Upper Miocene deposits sealed by the regional Messinian Erosive Surface characterized by palaeocanyons that carve the modern margin. These deposits and outcropping basement highs are then covered and shaped by Plio-Quaternary contourites formed under the action of the Light Intermediate and Dense Deep Mediterranean bottom currents. Even though bottom currents are responsible for the primary sedimentation that shapes the margin, 97% of this region's seafloor is affected by mass-movements that modified contourite sediments by eroding, deforming, faulting, sliding, and depositing sediments. Mass-movement processes have resulted in the formation of recurrent mass-flow deposits, an enlargement of the submarine canyons and gully incisions, and basin-scale gravitational slides spreading above the Messinian Salinity Crisis salt layer. The Polopo, Aguilas and Gata slides are characterized by an extensional upslope domain that shapes the continental margin, and by a downslope contractional domain that shapes the abyssal plain with diapirs piercing (hemi)pelagites/sheet-like turbidites creating a seafloor dotted by numerous crests. The mass movements were mostly triggered by the interplay of the continental tectonic indentation of the Aguilas Arc with sedimentological factors over time. The indentation, which involves the progressively southeastward tectonic tilting of the whole land-sea region, likely generated a quasi-continuous oversteepening of the entire margin, thus reducing the stability of the contourites. In addition, tectonic tilting and subsidence of the abyssal plain favoured the flow of the underlying Messinian Salinity Crisis salt layer, contributing to the gravitational instability of the overlying sediments over large areas of the margin and abyssal plain. We thank the UTM-CSIC technicians and the crew of the RV Sarmiento de Gamboa for their help in collecting data. We are grateful for the multibeam data we received from the Secretaria General de Pesca of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Spain). We also thank IHS for providing the Kingdom Suite™ licence. This work acknowledges to IGCP 640 - S4LIDE (Significance of Modern and Ancient Submarine Slope LandSLIDEs), and to the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). This research has been funding by the Spanish projects: DAMAGE ( CGL2016-80687-RAEI/FEDER ) and FAUCES ( CTM2015-65461-C2-1-R ); and the Junta de Andalucía projects: RNM-148 (AGORA) P18-RT-3275 and PAPEL ( B-RNM-301-UGR18 ) Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación Junta de Andalucía P18-RT-3275, RNM-148 Indian Health Service CEX2019-000928-S European Regional Development Fund FAUCES CTM2015-65461-C2-1-R DAMAGE CGL2016-80687-RAEI PAPEL B-RNM-301-UGR18 UTM-CSIC

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    Authors: Hillaire-Marcel, Claude; Not, Christelle; de Vernal, Anne;
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    PANGAEA
    Dataset . 2022
    Data sources: B2FIND
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      PANGAEA
      Dataset . 2022
      Data sources: B2FIND
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    Authors: Bethany C. Behrens; Yusuke Yokoyama; Yosuke Miyairi; Adam D. Sproson; +6 Authors

    The Ad´elie Basin is a relatively small (~1600 km2), semi-enclosed continental shelf bathymetric depression located adjacent to the Wilkes Subglacial Basin, a basin underlying a sector of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet that contains ~3–4 m sea level equivalent of ice. Located within the Ad´elie Basin is a ~184 m thick laminated sediment deposit, the Ad´elie Drift, ideal for examining regional changes in ice sheet and ocean dynamics. Here, we examine the ratio of reactive beryllium-10 to reactive beryllium-9 ((10Be/9Be)reac) in a marine sediment core obtained from the Ad´elie Drift to assess these changes during the Holocene epoch (11.7 ka BP to present). The (10Be/9Be)reac record provides insight into changes in freshwater input, primary productivity, and scavenging efficiency, while removing the influence of particle size on 10Be concentration. During the early Holocene, (10Be/9Be)reac ratios indicate increased meltwater discharge from ca. 11.7 to 10 ka BP, as grounded ice retreated from the Ad´elie Basin and adjacent bathymetric highs. After ~10 ka BP, beryllium isotopes are influenced by scavenging efficiency and dilution controlled by ocean currents and accumulation rate, operating alongside meltwater input, suggesting there are additional factors to consider when using (10Be/9Be)reac as a proxy for ice shelf cover and glacial dynamics. Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 20J21145 PE17712 P18791 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) ANTA1801 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) 20H00193 Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish Government CTM2017-89711-C2-1-P European Union through FEDER funds

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    Quaternary Science Advances
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Quaternary Science Advances
    Article . 2022
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      Quaternary Science Advances
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Crossref
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      Quaternary Science Advances
      Article . 2022
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    Authors: Yuanfeng Zhang; Ping Wang; Guanqing Shen;

    Abstract The lower Yellow River (LYR) is a fully alluvial system with a fine-grained bed that has a high proportion of silt. Bathymetric survey data collected with a Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) from the wandering reach of the LYR indicates that the bedforms are characterized by large aspect ratios (wavelength/height) and low lee-side angles. Since the Xiaolangdi Reservoir (XLD) has been operational in the middle reach of the Yellow River, bedforms have been dominated by two-scales of dunes, that is, a frame of compound dunes with first-order dunes superimposed on the stoss and lee sides, which disappear during high sediment concentration floods that occur during the annual sediment and water regulation. The bedform formation regime has changed with dune beds having more chances, and upper regime beds having less chances, to form. Longitudinal profile data measured using a sounding-rod before the XLD began filling demonstrate that the bedforms were mainly dunes during low flows (less than 1200 m3/s) or upper regime beds during high-flows (larger than 2000 m3/s). A discriminator is proposed to describe the conditions for bedform formation and to predict the alluvial resistance which gives better results than those from Manning approach. When a bedform system is almost at equilibrium, the changes in the sediment concentrations versus the discriminator can be defined into three segments in the LYR.

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    International Journal of Sediment Research
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      International Journal of Sediment Research
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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    Authors: Henson, Henry; Holding, Johnna; Meire, Lorenz; Rysgaard, Søren; +4 Authors

    Greenland's fjords and coastal waters are highly productive and sustain important fisheries. However, retreating glaciers and increasing meltwater are changing fjord circulation and biogeochemistry , which may threaten future productivity. The freshening of Greenland fjords caused by unprecedented melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet may alter carbonate chemistry in coastal waters, influencing CO2 uptake and causing biological consequences from acidification . However, few studies to date explore the current acidification state in Greenland coastal waters. Here we present the first-ever large-scale measurements of carbonate system parameters in 16 Greenlandic fjords and seek to identify the drivers of acidification state in these freshening ecosystems. Aragonite saturation state (Ω), a proxy for ocean acidification , was calculated from dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity from fjords along the east and west coast of Greenland spanning 68–75°N. Aragonite saturation was primarily >1 in the surface mixed layer. However, undersaturated—or corrosive––conditions (Ω advection of Sub Polar Mode Water and accumulation of DIC from organic matter decomposition drive corrosive conditions in the West, while freshwater alkalinity dilution drives acidification in the East. The presence of marine terminating glaciers also impacted local acidification states by influencing fjord circulation: upwelling driven by subglacial discharge brought corrosive bottom waters to shallower depths. Meanwhile, discharge from land terminating glaciers strengthened stratification and diluted alkalinity. Regardless of the drivers in each system, increasing freshwater discharge will likely lower carbonate saturation states and impact biotic and abiotic carbon uptake in the future.

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    The Science of The Total Environment; ZENODO; NARCIS
    Article . 2022 . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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      The Science of The Total Environment; ZENODO; NARCIS
      Article . 2022 . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      SSRN Electronic Journal
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: Hillaire-Marcel, Claude; Not, Christelle; de Vernal, Anne;
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    PANGAEA
    Dataset . 2022
    Data sources: B2FIND
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      PANGAEA
      Dataset . 2022
      Data sources: B2FIND
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    Authors: Evangelos Alevizos; Veerle A.I. Huvenne; Timm Schoening; Erik Simon-Lledó; +2 Authors

    Highlights • AUV geophysical mapping reveals complex patterns of Mn nodule distribution. • Geophysical and image-based data suggest that Mn nodule occurence relates to sediment thickness. • The role of sediment thickness in nodule development requires detailed geochemical investigation. Abstract The relationship between polymetallic nodules (Mn nodules) and deep-sea stratigraphy is relatively poorly studied and the role of sediment thickness in determining nodule occurrence is an active field of research. This study utilizes geophysical observations from three types of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) data (multi-beam bathymetry, sub-bottom profiles and underwater photography) in order to assess this relationship. Multi-beam bathymetry was processed with a pattern recognition approach for producing objective geomorphometric classes of the seafloor for examining their relation to sediment thickness and nodule occurence. Sub-bottom profiles were used for extracting sediment thickness along a dense network of tracklines. Close-range AUV-photography data was used for automated counting of polymetallic nodules and their geometric features and it served as ground truth data. It was observed that higher nodule occurence were related to layers with increased sediment thickness. This evidence reveals the role of local seafloor heterogeneity in nodule formation and suggests that unique patterns of local stratigraphy may affect geochemical processes that promote polymetallic nodule development at local scales.

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    Authors: Jacob Geersen; Christian Sippl; Nicholas Harmon;

    Abstract It is commonly assumed that intermediate-depth seismicity is in some way linked to dehydration reactions inside subducting oceanic plates. Although there is growing evidence that the hydration state of an oceanic plate is controlled by its structure and degree of faulting, we do not have a quantitative understanding of this relationship. Double seismic zones offer the possibility of investigating changes in oceanic-plate hydration not only along strike but also with depth beneath the slab surface. To quantify the impact of oceanic-plate structure and faulting on slab hydration and intermediate-depth seismicity, with a focus on the genesis of double seismic zones, we correlate high-resolution earthquake catalogs and seafloor maps of ship-based bathymetry for the northern Chilean and Japan Trench subduction zones. The correlations show only a weak influence of oceanic-plate structure and faulting on seismicity on the upper plane of the double seismic zone, which may imply that hydration is limited by slow reaction kinetics at low temperatures 5–7 km below the seafloor and by the finite amount of exposed wall rock in the outer-rise region. These factors seem to limit hydration even if abundant water is available. Seismicity in the lower plane is, in contrast, substantially enhanced where deformation of the oceanic plate is high and distributed across intersecting faults. This likely leads to an increase in the volume of damaged wall rock around the faults, thereby promoting the circulation of water to mantle depths where serpentinization is faster due to elevated temperatures. Increased lower-plane seismicity around subducting oceanic features such as seamounts or fracture zones may also be caused by enhanced faulting around these features. Our results provide a possible explanation for the globally observed presence of rather homogeneous upper-plane seismicity in double seismic zones as well as for the commonly patchy and inhomogeneous distribution of lower-plane seismicity.

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    e-Prints Soton
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    OceanRep
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    Geosphere
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Hillaire-Marcel, Claude; Not, Christelle; de Vernal, Anne;
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    PANGAEA
    Dataset . 2022
    Data sources: B2FIND
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      PANGAEA
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    Authors: Nathalie Babonneau; François Raisson; Adrien Genêt; Ugo Lopes; +8 Authors

    AbstractBottom currents are key processes that contribute to the shaping of submarine slopes, with the redistribution of sediments in contourite systems. Despite numerous recent studies on contourite systems, the complexity and diversity of these sedimentary systems are still not fully understood and often underestimated. Their understanding requires comprehensive works integrating all scales from seismic architecture to microfacies. This paper focuses on a contouritic ridge located between 2000 m and 2500 m water depth on the Mozambique margin. Bathymetry, seismic data and piston cores collected during the PAMELA‐MOZ3 cruise allow a multi‐scale study from large depositional geometries to sedimentary facies. At the seismic scale, the contouritic ridge shows three stages of evolution with: (i) initiation and development of the drift/moat system; (ii) an intermediate stage with successive incisions and aggradations; and (iii) moat infill and drift erosion during the Plio‐Quaternary. Plio‐Quaternary deposits are composed of hemipelagic, turbiditic and contouritic facies filling the moat. Coarse‐grained contouritic facies, dominated by planktonic foraminifera, are identified on the western flank of the ridge between the moat infill and the erosional area at the top of the ridge. They consist of condensed deposits, with sedimentation rate about 0.3 cm/ka, indicating a strong and stable bottom current that winnows away the fine‐grained component. This facies could be present more generally in an intermediate position between erosion and depositional areas in contourite systems. At present, the contourite system is located at the transition depth between North Atlantic Deep Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water. Trajectories of bottom currents are complex and interact with sporadic turbidity currents and anti‐clockwise eddies that participate in reshaping the sea floor morphology. Although Plio‐Quaternary depositional geometries indicate the end of drift/moat development, the moat filling and drift erosion are also related to bottom currents and constitute atypical contouritic sedimentation.

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    Sedimentology
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      Sedimentology
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    Authors: Ercilla G.; Galindo-Zaldivar J.; Estrada F.; Valencia J.; +19 Authors

    We present a multidisciplinary study of morphology, stratigraphy, sedimentology, tectonic structure, and physical oceanography to report that the complex geomorphology of the Palomares continental margin and adjacent Algerian abyssal plain (i.e., Gulf of Vera, Western Mediterranean), is the result of the sedimentary response to the Aguilas Arc continental tectonic indentation in the Eurasian–Africa plate collision. The indentation is imprinted on the basement of the margin with elongated metamorphic antiforms that are pierced by igneous bodies, and synforms that accommodate the deformation and create a complex physiography. The basement is partially covered by Upper Miocene deposits sealed by the regional Messinian Erosive Surface characterized by palaeocanyons that carve the modern margin. These deposits and outcropping basement highs are then covered and shaped by Plio-Quaternary contourites formed under the action of the Light Intermediate and Dense Deep Mediterranean bottom currents. Even though bottom currents are responsible for the primary sedimentation that shapes the margin, 97% of this region's seafloor is affected by mass-movements that modified contourite sediments by eroding, deforming, faulting, sliding, and depositing sediments. Mass-movement processes have resulted in the formation of recurrent mass-flow deposits, an enlargement of the submarine canyons and gully incisions, and basin-scale gravitational slides spreading above the Messinian Salinity Crisis salt layer. The Polopo, Aguilas and Gata slides are characterized by an extensional upslope domain that shapes the continental margin, and by a downslope contractional domain that shapes the abyssal plain with diapirs piercing (hemi)pelagites/sheet-like turbidites creating a seafloor dotted by numerous crests. The mass movements were mostly triggered by the interplay of the continental tectonic indentation of the Aguilas Arc with sedimentological factors over time. The indentation, which involves the progressively southeastward tectonic tilting of the whole land-sea region, likely generated a quasi-continuous oversteepening of the entire margin, thus reducing the stability of the contourites. In addition, tectonic tilting and subsidence of the abyssal plain favoured the flow of the underlying Messinian Salinity Crisis salt layer, contributing to the gravitational instability of the overlying sediments over large areas of the margin and abyssal plain. We thank the UTM-CSIC technicians and the crew of the RV Sarmiento de Gamboa for their help in collecting data. We are grateful for the multibeam data we received from the Secretaria General de Pesca of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Spain). We also thank IHS for providing the Kingdom Suite™ licence. This work acknowledges to IGCP 640 - S4LIDE (Significance of Modern and Ancient Submarine Slope LandSLIDEs), and to the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). This research has been funding by the Spanish projects: DAMAGE ( CGL2016-80687-RAEI/FEDER ) and FAUCES ( CTM2015-65461-C2-1-R ); and the Junta de Andalucía projects: RNM-148 (AGORA) P18-RT-3275 and PAPEL ( B-RNM-301-UGR18 ) Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación Junta de Andalucía P18-RT-3275, RNM-148 Indian Health Service CEX2019-000928-S European Regional Development Fund FAUCES CTM2015-65461-C2-1-R DAMAGE CGL2016-80687-RAEI PAPEL B-RNM-301-UGR18 UTM-CSIC

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    Authors: Hillaire-Marcel, Claude; Not, Christelle; de Vernal, Anne;
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    PANGAEA
    Dataset . 2022
    Data sources: B2FIND
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      PANGAEA
      Dataset . 2022
      Data sources: B2FIND
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    Authors: Bethany C. Behrens; Yusuke Yokoyama; Yosuke Miyairi; Adam D. Sproson; +6 Authors

    The Ad´elie Basin is a relatively small (~1600 km2), semi-enclosed continental shelf bathymetric depression located adjacent to the Wilkes Subglacial Basin, a basin underlying a sector of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet that contains ~3–4 m sea level equivalent of ice. Located within the Ad´elie Basin is a ~184 m thick laminated sediment deposit, the Ad´elie Drift, ideal for examining regional changes in ice sheet and ocean dynamics. Here, we examine the ratio of reactive beryllium-10 to reactive beryllium-9 ((10Be/9Be)reac) in a marine sediment core obtained from the Ad´elie Drift to assess these changes during the Holocene epoch (11.7 ka BP to present). The (10Be/9Be)reac record provides insight into changes in freshwater input, primary productivity, and scavenging efficiency, while removing the influence of particle size on 10Be concentration. During the early Holocene, (10Be/9Be)reac ratios indicate increased meltwater discharge from ca. 11.7 to 10 ka BP, as grounded ice retreated from the Ad´elie Basin and adjacent bathymetric highs. After ~10 ka BP, beryllium isotopes are influenced by scavenging efficiency and dilution controlled by ocean currents and accumulation rate, operating alongside meltwater input, suggesting there are additional factors to consider when using (10Be/9Be)reac as a proxy for ice shelf cover and glacial dynamics. Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 20J21145 PE17712 P18791 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) ANTA1801 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) 20H00193 Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish Government CTM2017-89711-C2-1-P European Union through FEDER funds

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    Quaternary Science Advances
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Quaternary Science Advances
    Article . 2022
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      Quaternary Science Advances
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Crossref
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      Quaternary Science Advances
      Article . 2022
      Data sources: DOAJ
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    Authors: Yuanfeng Zhang; Ping Wang; Guanqing Shen;

    Abstract The lower Yellow River (LYR) is a fully alluvial system with a fine-grained bed that has a high proportion of silt. Bathymetric survey data collected with a Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) from the wandering reach of the LYR indicates that the bedforms are characterized by large aspect ratios (wavelength/height) and low lee-side angles. Since the Xiaolangdi Reservoir (XLD) has been operational in the middle reach of the Yellow River, bedforms have been dominated by two-scales of dunes, that is, a frame of compound dunes with first-order dunes superimposed on the stoss and lee sides, which disappear during high sediment concentration floods that occur during the annual sediment and water regulation. The bedform formation regime has changed with dune beds having more chances, and upper regime beds having less chances, to form. Longitudinal profile data measured using a sounding-rod before the XLD began filling demonstrate that the bedforms were mainly dunes during low flows (less than 1200 m3/s) or upper regime beds during high-flows (larger than 2000 m3/s). A discriminator is proposed to describe the conditions for bedform formation and to predict the alluvial resistance which gives better results than those from Manning approach. When a bedform system is almost at equilibrium, the changes in the sediment concentrations versus the discriminator can be defined into three segments in the LYR.

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    International Journal of Sediment Research
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      International Journal of Sediment Research
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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    Authors: Henson, Henry; Holding, Johnna; Meire, Lorenz; Rysgaard, Søren; +4 Authors

    Greenland's fjords and coastal waters are highly productive and sustain important fisheries. However, retreating glaciers and increasing meltwater are changing fjord circulation and biogeochemistry , which may threaten future productivity. The freshening of Greenland fjords caused by unprecedented melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet may alter carbonate chemistry in coastal waters, influencing CO2 uptake and causing biological consequences from acidification . However, few studies to date explore the current acidification state in Greenland coastal waters. Here we present the first-ever large-scale measurements of carbonate system parameters in 16 Greenlandic fjords and seek to identify the drivers of acidification state in these freshening ecosystems. Aragonite saturation state (Ω), a proxy for ocean acidification , was calculated from dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity from fjords along the east and west coast of Greenland spanning 68–75°N. Aragonite saturation was primarily >1 in the surface mixed layer. However, undersaturated—or corrosive––conditions (Ω advection of Sub Polar Mode Water and accumulation of DIC from organic matter decomposition drive corrosive conditions in the West, while freshwater alkalinity dilution drives acidification in the East. The presence of marine terminating glaciers also impacted local acidification states by influencing fjord circulation: upwelling driven by subglacial discharge brought corrosive bottom waters to shallower depths. Meanwhile, discharge from land terminating glaciers strengthened stratification and diluted alkalinity. Regardless of the drivers in each system, increasing freshwater discharge will likely lower carbonate saturation states and impact biotic and abiotic carbon uptake in the future.

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    The Science of The Total Environment; ZENODO; NARCIS
    Article . 2022 . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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      The Science of The Total Environment; ZENODO; NARCIS
      Article . 2022 . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      SSRN Electronic Journal
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: Hillaire-Marcel, Claude; Not, Christelle; de Vernal, Anne;
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    PANGAEA
    Dataset . 2022
    Data sources: B2FIND
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      PANGAEA
      Dataset . 2022
      Data sources: B2FIND
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    Authors: Evangelos Alevizos; Veerle A.I. Huvenne; Timm Schoening; Erik Simon-Lledó; +2 Authors

    Highlights • AUV geophysical mapping reveals complex patterns of Mn nodule distribution. • Geophysical and image-based data suggest that Mn nodule occurence relates to sediment thickness. • The role of sediment thickness in nodule development requires detailed geochemical investigation. Abstract The relationship between polymetallic nodules (Mn nodules) and deep-sea stratigraphy is relatively poorly studied and the role of sediment thickness in determining nodule occurrence is an active field of research. This study utilizes geophysical observations from three types of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) data (multi-beam bathymetry, sub-bottom profiles and underwater photography) in order to assess this relationship. Multi-beam bathymetry was processed with a pattern recognition approach for producing objective geomorphometric classes of the seafloor for examining their relation to sediment thickness and nodule occurence. Sub-bottom profiles were used for extracting sediment thickness along a dense network of tracklines. Close-range AUV-photography data was used for automated counting of polymetallic nodules and their geometric features and it served as ground truth data. It was observed that higher nodule occurence were related to layers with increased sediment thickness. This evidence reveals the role of local seafloor heterogeneity in nodule formation and suggests that unique patterns of local stratigraphy may affect geochemical processes that promote polymetallic nodule development at local scales.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Deep Sea Research Pa...arrow_drop_down
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